| 1 |
Author(s):
Shinde Dhanashri Pruthviraj.
Page No : 1-2
|
Android-based Parent-child safety and location Monitoring system
Abstract
In the present digital age, smartphones and internet technologies have become an integral part of children’s daily lives. Children use mobile devices for online education, entertainment, gaming, communication, and social networking. While technology has created numerous opportunities for learning and development, it has also introduced several risks such as cyberbullying, online harassment, exposure to inappropriate content, digital addiction, identity theft, and physical safety threats. Parents are increasingly concerned about their children’s safety in both online and offline environments.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Gaikwad Poorva.
Page No : 1-2
|
Pneumonia Detection From Chest X-Ray
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of pneumonia underscores the urgent need for efficient and accessible diagnostic tools. This paper presents a modern, secure, multi-disease Progressive Web Application (PWA) designed for pneumonia detection using advanced deep learning techniques, including You Only Look Once (YOLO) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. The proposed application integrates real-time detection capabilities by leveraging a Fast-YOLO model for rapid image analysis and a comprehensive dataset for robust neural network training.
Performance evaluation using key metrics such as accuracy, recall, and F1-score demonstrates the effectiveness of the system in clinical scenarios. The experimental results highlight the potential of AI-driven diagnostic solutions to support early detection and decision-making, particularly in under-resourced healthcare environments.
Future research directions include improving model explainability through visual interpretation techniques, optimizing deployment performance for low-bandwidth environments, and enhancing overall user experience to ensure wider adoption in real-world medical settings.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Chris Binny Joseph.
Page No : 1-2
|
The Finfluencer Effect: Impacts of Social Media on Financial Literacy and Investor Behavior Among Millennials in India
Abstract
The rapid expansion of social media platforms has transformed the way financial information is accessed, interpreted, and applied by young investors in India. Financial influencers, commonly referred to as finfluencers, have emerged as key opinion leaders who simplify complex financial concepts and deliver them in engaging digital formats. This research study explores the impact of finfluencers on financial literacy levels and investment behavior among millennials in India.
| 4 |
Author(s):
KRUTHIKA A N.
Page No : 1-3
|
A STUDY ON INVESTORS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS DIGITAL CURRENCY AS AN INVESTMENT OPTION
Abstract
A study on investors’ attitudes towards digital currency as an investment option has been undertaken to understand how investors perceive and respond to this emerging form of investment. Digital currency has gained significant attention due to the rapid growth of cryptocurrencies and the increasing interest in central bank digital currencies. Despite its growing popularity, investors’ attitude towards digital currency remains mixed because of factors such as high price volatility, regulatory uncertainty, security concerns, and technological complexity.
The present study is descriptive in nature and is based entirely on secondary data collected from published research articles, journals, reports, and official websites. The study focuses on key factors influencing investors’ attitude, including awareness, perceived risk, technological familiarity, and social influence. The analysis of existing literature indicates that while digital currency attracts investors due to its high return potential and technological innovation, concerns related to risk and lack of clear regulatory frameworks continue to affect investment decisions. The study highlights the importance of investor awareness and regulatory clarity in improving investor confidence and encouraging the responsible adoption of digital currency as an investment option.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Ms . Pranita Kanadkhedkar, Ms . Shruti Kokadwar, Ms .Nita Lohar, Ms . Shruti Puyed .
Page No : 1-3
|
AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT USING Ldr
Abstract
Street lighting constitutes an essential part of urban infrastructure, offering safety, visibility,
and security during night hours. Traditional street lights, however, consume energy
continuously without regard to actual necessity, resulting in high operational costs and
inefficient power utilization. This paper presents the design and implementation of an
Automatic Street Light Control System using Light Dependent Resistors (LDR), Infrared (IR)
sensors, and a microcontroller (Arduino/ATmega328P). The system detects ambient light
levels and vehicle presence to optimize energy consumption. Experimental results
demonstrate up to 40–60% energy savings compared with conventional systems. The
proposed system is cost-effective, scalable, and easily adaptable to real-world
applications.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sajesh Kumar C P.
Page No : 1-3
|
Supply Chain-Performance Management Integration in Total Facilities Operation & Maintenance
Abstract
Total Facilities Management (TFM) organizations increasingly depend on end-to-end supply chains and data-rich performance systems to deliver reliable, safe, and sustainable operations. This conceptual manuscript proposes an integrated framework—TFM-SCPA (Supply Chain–Performance Alignment) that links strategic intent, supply-chain design, and KPI governance across strategic, tactical, and operational levels. Building on industry practice from India, the GCC, and Western markets, and reflecting lessons from COVID-19 disruptions, the paper articulates a KPI architecture, a resilience toolkit, and a pragmatic 12-month implementation roadmap. It was developed with testable propositions for future empirical research and provide a managerial playbook for O&M leaders seeking measurable, auditable value creation in availability, lifecycle cost, user experience, and sustainability.
Keywords: Facilities Management; O&M; KPIs; Balanced Scorecard; Supply Chain; Resilience; GCC; Saudi Arabia; ISO 41001; Asset Management
| 7 |
Author(s):
Sharon J Cherusseril .
Page No : 1-3
|
Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in India
Abstract
This paper examines the financial performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in India using secondary data from peer-reviewed journals, industry reports, and regulatory publications. It analyses growth trajectories, profitability, portfolio quality, operational efficiency, funding sources, and risk factors shaping MFI sustainability. The study spans the recent decade (2015–2025), focusing on key performance indicators such as Gross Loan Portfolio (GLP), Portfolio-at-Risk (PAR), Return on Assets (ROA), Operational Self-Sufficiency (OSS), and cost per borrower. Policy implications and recommendations for stakeholders are provided.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Sabthikaroselin.M.
Page No : 1-3
|
An Advanced Multimodal Artificial Intelligence System for Real-Time Fake Information Detection
Abstract
The rapid proliferation of digital media has democratized information sharing, but it has simultaneously catalyzed the spread of fake news, misinformation, and disinformation. The velocity and volume at which false narratives propagate pose significant threats to public discourse, social stability, and democratic institutions. This paper proposes a novel Multimodal Context-Aware Architecture (MCAA) driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect fake information in real-time. By integrating advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques for textual analysis with Computer Vision for media verification, the proposed system evaluates the veracity of news articles and social media posts. We employ a hybrid deep learning model combining a pre-trained Transformer network (RoBERTa) for text and a Convolutional Neural Network (ResNet) for visual feature extraction, alongside a metadata analyzer. Experimental evaluations on benchmark datasets (such as FakeNewsNet and LIAR) demonstrate that our multimodal approach achieves an accuracy of 94.2%, outperforming unimodal baselines. This paper details the system architecture, methodology, implementation, and future directions for robust misinformation detection.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Sivasangari G.
Page No : 1-4
|
Secure Tamper-Resistant chat Application using Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)
Abstract
Chat applications are widely used in personal, academic, and professional communication, but many existing systems lack proper security mechanisms to protect message from tampering, fake sender identities, and replay attacks. Messages can be altered during transmission, leading to serious security risks and misinformation. To address these issues, this paper presents a Secure Tamper-Resistant Chat Application developed using Java and Digital Signature Algorithms. In the proposed system, each message is digitally signed by the sender and verified by the receiver to ensure both message integrity and sender authenticity. Any modified or forged message is automatically rejected, ensuring secure and reliable communication through a client-server architecture.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Sudharsan K M.
Page No : 1-4
|
A Survey on Secure QR Code Document Locker
Abstract
With the rapid growth of digital transformation, the storage and sharing of sensitive documents have become a major security concern. Traditional document-sharing methods are vulnerable to unauthorized access, data leakage, and misuse. To overcome these challenges, secure document locker systems integrated with QR code technology have gained significant attention. QR codes provide fast and contactless access, while encryption techniques ensure data confidentiality and integrity. This survey paper reviews various research works related to secure QR code–based document locker systems. It analyzes different security mechanisms, authentication techniques, encryption methods, and access control models used in existing systems. A comparative study is presented to highlight the advantages and limitations of each approach. Finally, the paper identifies research gaps and discusses future directions for improving the security and efficiency of QR code–based document storage systems.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Sanasam Sandhya Devi.
Page No : 1-4
|
THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE WITH REFERENCE TO SELECTED COMAPANIES IN BSE
Abstract
By conducting an in-depth analysis of three selected businesses that are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), this research project examines the interactive relationship between capital structure and business performance. The objective of this ten-year research project, which spans from 2015 to 2024, is to provide insight into the impact of the capital structure decisions made by these businesses on their overall business performance. By employing a methodology of mixed approaches, the research combines qualitative assessments of management decisions, market trends, and macroeconomic factors with quantitative analysis of financial reports and key performance indicators. Financial ratios such as return on assets and debt-to-equity ratio are analyzed to determine the impact of capital structure decisions on the firm. The findings of this research contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between capital structure and the performance of a company.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Priya Poudyal.
Page No : 1-4
|
Students’ Investment Analysis and Awareness about the Commodity Market in Bengaluru Urban
Abstract
The commodity market forms a vital component of the financial system by enabling price discovery, risk management, and efficient allocation of resources across the economy. With increasing financial innovation, digital trading platforms, and easy access to market-related information, students today represent an emerging category of potential investors. Despite this growing exposure, awareness and participation of students in commodity markets remain relatively low when compared to traditional investment avenues such as bank deposits, gold, mutual funds, and equity markets.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Vaishnavi Bhagwanrao Dange.
Page No : 1-4
|
Automatic Street Light
Abstract
Street lighting is an essential public utility that ensures safety and visibility during night hours. However. conventional street lighting systems operate manually or remain switched ON even during daylight, leading to unnecessary power consumption. This mini project presents the design and implementation of an Automatic Street Light System that operates based on ambient light conditions. The system uses a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) to sense the intensity of sunlight. When daylight is present, the resistance of the LDR is low and the street lights remain OFF. As darkness. falls, the LDR resistance increases, triggering the control circuit to autornatically switch ON the street lights. This automatic operation eliminates the need for manual control.
| 14 |
Author(s):
S PREM KUMAR.
Page No : 1-5
|
The Study on The Impact of Financial Literacy and Record Keeping on Investment Readiness in Rural Farmers: A Secondary Data Analysis
Abstract
This study on the impact of financial literacy and record-keeping practices on investment readiness among rural farmers using secondary data sources. Rural farmers often face financial constraints, limited access to institutional finance, and inadequate financial management skills, which affect their ability to make informed investment decisions. Drawing on data from government reports, surveys of national records, research articles, and institutional publications, this study analyses existing evidence on financial literacy levels, record-keeping behaviour, and investment preparedness among rural farming communities in India. The findings indicate that low financial literacy and poor record-keeping practices remain major problem to investment readiness. Studies consistently show that farmers with higher financial awareness and systematic record keeping demonstrate better access to credit, improved financial planning, and greater adoption of agricultural technologies, even had great profit. The study highlights the need for policy-driven financial education and standardized record-keeping frameworks to strengthen investment readiness and promote sustainable rural development.
| 15 |
Author(s):
Stephie George .
Page No : 1-5
|
Consumer Behaviour and Purchase Decisions in India’s Online Education Market: A Case Study of Eduinx Pvt. Ltd.
Abstract
The rapid digital transformation of India’s education landscape has given rise to a thriving online learning ecosystem dominated by EdTech platforms. This paper examines the dynamics of consumer behaviour and purchase decisions within the Indian online education market, emphasizing psychological, social, and technological factors influencing learners. The study uses Eduinx Pvt. Ltd.—a Bengaluru-based EdTech startup—as a case to explore how pricing, digital marketing, and social proof shape user preferences and course enrolment decisions. A qualitative-quantitative mixed approach was adopted, drawing insights from existing academic literature and survey responses collected from 56 participants. Findings indicate that learner motivations are driven primarily by perceived career benefits, platform credibility, peer recommendations, and flexible learning formats. The research highlights the growing role of personalized content, digital engagement, and affordability in determining consumer loyalty in the competitive EdTech space. Strategic implications for EdTech firms include the need for adaptive marketing, data-driven personalization, and strong trust-building mechanisms.
| 16 |
Author(s):
Marietta Mckenzie.
Page No : 1-5
|
Behavioural and Psychological Determinants of Buy Now, Pay Later Adoption
Abstract
The global financial ecosystem is undergoing a structural shift as Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) transitions from a fintech novelty to a foundational pillar of modern consumer credit. This research paper investigates the behavioural and psychological determinants driving BNPL adoption, synthesizing secondary data and empirical findings from 2018 to 2026. Utilizing theoretical frameworks such as the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), the study identifies performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and materialism as critical drivers of adoption. Psychologically, the "illusion of income" generated by Credit Limit Misconception (CLM) and the reduction of the "pain of payment" through instalment framing are found to lower cognitive resistance to spending. Experimental evidence reveals a significant spending uplift (4.39% higher than debit transactions) and an inflated perception of available funds (22.2% higher likelihood of discretionary purchase). The paper further analyses the socio-demographic stratification of users, highlighting the prevalence of BNPL among Generation Z and lower-income cohorts. Finally, it explores the regulatory response, specifically India's Reserve Bank of India (RBI) 2025 Directions, which aim to stabilize the sector through mandatory disclosures and localized credit rails like UPI. The findings suggest that while BNPL democratizes access to short-term credit, its reliance on behavioural nudges necessitates robust consumer protection to mitigate
risks of over-indebtedness and post-purchase regret.
Key Words: Technology Acceptance Model, Illusion Of Income, Pain of Payment, Credit Limit Misconception, Unified Theory Of Acceptance, Use of Technology
| 17 |
Author(s):
JIMMY GEORGE.
Page No : 1-5
|
“A Study on the Performance of Indian Startups in the Financial Services Sector”
Abstract
The Indian financial services sector has witnessed a profound transformation over the last decade, driven largely by the emergence and rapid expansion of startups leveraging digital technologies. From mobile payments and peer-to-peer lending to digital insurance and wealth management platforms, financial technology (FinTech) startups have reshaped how financial services are produced, delivered, and consumed in India. This research paper examines the performance of Indian startups operating in the financial services sector using secondary data sources such as industry reports, regulatory publications, company disclosures, and academic literature. The study analyses growth trends, financial performance indicators, funding patterns, innovation outcomes, and market penetration levels of selected FinTech startups. It also explores the role of regulatory support, digital infrastructure, and consumer adoption in shaping startup performance. The findings reveal that Indian financial services startups have demonstrated strong growth and innovation capabilities, though challenges such as profitability, regulatory compliance, and market competition continue to influence long-term sustainability. The study contributes to the existing literature by offering a comprehensive sector-level assessment of startup performance in India’s evolving financial ecosystem.
| 18 |
Author(s):
Devi priya.
Page No : 1-5
|
A Survey on Dynamic Ransomware Simulation and Detection System for Endpoint Security
Abstract
Ransomware attacks have become one of the most serious threats to endpoint devices such as personal computers and laptops. These attacks encrypt important user files and demand a ransom for recovery, causing financial loss and data unavailability. Traditional antivirus solutions mainly rely on signature-based detection, which often fails to identify new or unknown ransomware variants. To overcome this limitation, this project proposes a Dynamic Ransomware Simulation and Detection System for Endpoint Security that monitors real-time system behavior such as file access, file modifications, and suspicious process activities. A controlled ransomware simulation is used to analyze attack patterns safely and improve detection accuracy. When malicious behavior is detected,the system generates alerts and can take preventive actions to minimize file damage, thereby enhancing endpoint security against modern ransomware attacks.
| 19 |
Author(s):
Ann C John .
Page No : 1-5
|
A study on the evolving investment preferences of students: Mutual funds, stocks and digital assets in the modern era
Abstract
In recent years, India’s investment ecosystem has experienced a paradigm shift driven by
digitalization, financial innovation, and the democratization of financial information. Among
the country’s young population, particularly students, investment preferences have evolved
from traditional saving instruments such as bank deposits toward more dynamic avenues like
mutual funds, equity markets, and digital assets. This paper provides a comprehensive
secondary-data-based analysis of these evolving preferences, synthesizing insights from
scholarly articles, financial reports, and institutional publications by SEBI, AMFI, and the
Reserve Bank of India.
The study reveals that mutual funds remain the most widely preferred investment option among
Indian students due to their relative safety, liquidity, and low capital requirements, supported
by the popularity of Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs). Stock investments are gaining
traction, particularly among commerce and finance students, facilitated by online platforms
such as Zerodha, Groww, and Upstox that simplify participation and reduce brokerage barriers.
Meanwhile, digital assets such as cryptocurrencies and NFTs are emerging as high-risk, high-
return choices, appealing mainly to tech-savvy and risk-seeking individuals who are influenced
by peer groups and social media.
| 20 |
Author(s):
Soham Madhukar Tate.
Page No : 1-5
|
Clap Automation System
Abstract
Automation technologies have
transformed modern living by enhancing
comfort, safety, accessibility, and energy
efficiency. With the rapid advancement of
embedded systems and microcontrollerbased platforms, low-cost and compact
automation solutions have become
increasingly feasible for residential and
small-scale applications. This paper presents
the design and implementation of a ClapBased Home Automation System that
enables control of electrical appliances using
acoustic signals as input. The system
operates by detecting clap sounds through a
microphone-based sound sensor module,
which converts acoustic energy into
electrical signals. These signals are
processed by a microcontroller that applies
threshold comparison, signal conditioning,
and timing window algorithms to accurately
distinguish valid clap patterns from
background noise.
Upon successful detection of a valid clap
event, the microcontroller generates control
signals to drive a relay module, which safely
switches high-voltage electrical appliances
such as lights or fans. The relay provides
electrical isolation between the low-voltage
control circuitry and high-voltage AC loads,
ensuring user safety and system reliability.
To enhance operational accuracy, noise
filtering techniques and debounce logic are
incorporated to minimize false triggering
caused by environmental disturbances, echo
effects, or unintended sounds.
| 21 |
Author(s):
Kunapareddy Gnana Harish Babu.
Page No : 1-5
|
A Comparative Study of SQL and NoSQL Databases for Cloud-Based Web Applications: Performance, Scalability, and Use Case Analysis
Abstract
Picking the right database for a cloud application sounds simple until you actually have to do it. SQL systems like MySQL have been the go-to for decades, and for good reason — but as applications started dealing with more varied data at larger scale, NoSQL systems like MongoDB began showing up in more and more production stacks. The question was never really which one is better. It’s which one actually fits your situation. This paper grew out of that frustration. We wanted something more concrete than the usual “it depends” answer, so we put both systems through real tests on the same dataset — 100,000 e-commerce records — and measured what actually happened: query speeds, read and write throughput, storage consumption, and how each system held up as data volume grew. MySQL was faster when queries got complicated, particularly joins and aggregations. MongoDB pulled ahead on write speed and handled document-style data more naturally, though it used noticeably more storage for the same records. We also cover the theory — ACID, CAP, BASE — not to pad the paper, but because those concepts genuinely explain why the benchmarks turned out the way they did. The goal is simple: give developers and architects a clear enough picture to make this call confidently for their own application.
| 22 |
Author(s):
Vishvawasu.V.Pendalwar.
Page No : 1-6
|
Smart Water Quality Monitoring and Contamination Detection System
Abstract
Access to clean and safe drinking water is a fundamental necessity, yet contamination from industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and inadequate treatment facilities poses significant health risks globally. Traditional water quality monitoring methods are often manual, time-consuming, and lack real-time alerting capabilities. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an IoT-based automated water quality monitoring system that integrates turbidity sensing for contamination detection and ultrasonic sensing for continuous water level measurement. The system employs an Arduino Nano microcontroller to process turbidity data measured in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) and displays water quality status along with tank level information on a 16x2 LCD screen. An audible alarm activates when contamination exceeds safe thresholds, providing immediate alerts. By replacing conventional IR sensors with ultrasonic distance measurement, the system achieves non-contact, accurate, and maintenance-free level detection suitable for various tank configurations. This cost-effective, scalable, and user-friendly solution is ideal for residential water tanks, community water supplies, and small-scale purification plants.
Keywords: Water Quality Monitoring, Turbidity Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor, Arduino Nano, IoT, NTU Measurement, Contamination Detection, LCD Display.
| 23 |
Author(s):
millo hakhe.
Page No : 1-6
|
Material culture and Buddhist Monasticism in the Trans-Himalayan Context: A Study of Tawang Monastery
Abstract
Buddhist monasteries have historically functioned as centres of religious practice, learning, and cultural transmission. Although Buddhism declined in India from the Gupta period onward and appeared nearly extinguished by the twelfth century, it survived and flourished across Asia through regional adaptation. One such enduring manifestation is found in the Himalayan region of Arunachal Pradesh, where Tawang Monastery represents a continuous and living Buddhist institutio. This paper examines Tawang Monastery within the broader trans-Himalayan Buddhist tradition, situating it historically and culturally through textual sources and material-cultural analysis. It explores the evolution and meaning of Buddhist monastic institutions and provides a geographical and ethnographic context of the Tawang region. Particular attention is given to the monastery’s architecture, ritual spaces, prayer wheels, chorten, frescoes, and sacred objects to demonstrate how material culture functions as an integral component of monastic life. The study argues that Tawang Monastery is not merely a heritage site but a dynamic institution in which belief, ritual practice, and material forms operate as an interconnected system. Despite modern transformations, the monastery continues to preserve Buddhist doctrine, sustain community identity, and embody cultural continuity in the Himalayan context.
| 24 |
Author(s):
Rupesh Chandrasen Londhe.
Page No : 1-6
|
Operationalizing Innovation in Indian Higher Education: Comparative Insights from Global Models
Abstract
This paper examines the implementation of the Institution’s Innovation Council (IIC) and the National Innovation and Startup Policy (NISP) in Indian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), situating them within global innovation and entrepreneurship development frameworks. Drawing on design thinking literature (Brown, 2009; Liedtka & Ogilvie, 2011; Kumar, 2019; IDEO.org, 2020; Razzouk & Shute, 2012; OECD, 2022, 2023) and policy reports (NEP 2020, NITI Aayog 2023, Startup India 2024), the study highlights how Indian HEIs are evolving into innovation-driven ecosystems. Comparative analysis with models from the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Finland, Singapore, and China reveals convergences and divergences in institutional innovation strategies. A hierarchical regression model is proposed to empirically assess the impact of IIC and NISP implementation on measurable outcomes such as patents, startups, and incubation activities.
| 25 |
Author(s):
Shri Shamyuktha M.
Page No : 1-6
|
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BODY LOTION USING SENNA ALATA LEAF EXTRACT
Abstract
Bacterial and fungal skin infections are some of the most prevalent dermatological conditions globally, especially in tropical and humid regions. Ringworm, candidiasis, dermatitis, and secondary bacterial infections not only impact the skin but also the quality of life of patients. Although synthetic antimicrobial agents are widely used in the treatment of these infections, their long-term use is often linked to side effects, skin irritation, and the development of microbial resistance. This has led to a growing interest in plant-based topical preparations that are safe, inexpensive, and effective. Senna alata, a medicinal plant used in the traditional management of fungal skin infections, has recently gained scientific attention owing to its high phytochemical content and established antimicrobial properties. The leaves of Senna alata are rich in a number of bioactive compounds such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic compounds, and sterols. These compounds are responsible for its antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The use of the leaf extract in a body lotion formulation offers a convenient and patient-friendly approach to topical therapy. A properly formulated lotion ensures a uniform distribution of the extract, enhanced skin absorption, ease of application, and improved therapeutic compliance. The formulation process involves careful consideration of the extraction techniques, emulsifying agents, stabilizers, preservatives, and humectants to ensure product stability and efficacy. The formulated lotion is evaluated for physicochemical properties such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogeneity, and stability under various storage conditions. Antimicrobial activity is also determined using agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration assays to confirm its efficacy against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Microbial limit tests and skin irritation studies are also important safety evaluations to ensure that the product is safe for human use. In conclusion, the development of a body lotion formulation containing Senna alata leaf extract offers a promising herbal approach to the management of bacterial and fungal skin infections. With proper standardization and quality control, such preparations may offer an effective natural alternative in dermatological and cosmeceutical practices
| 26 |
Author(s):
Millo Hakhe.
Page No : 1-6
|
From Monastery to Household: Material and Ritual Continuities among the Monpas of Tawang
Abstract
Tawang Monastery in Arunachal Pradesh stands as a vital center of Tibetan Buddhism, influencing both monastic and domestic life among the Monpa community. While prior studies have emphasized its history and architecture, the material culture of the monastery and its integration into everyday religious practice remain underexplored. This study adopts an object-centered approach to examine sacred artifacts from the museum, monastery, and local households, focusing on metallic and non-metallic objects such as butter lamps, prayer bells, offering vessels, and ritual flags. Field surveys reveal that household objects often replicate monastic prototypes, reflecting the monastery’s enduring influence on domestic religious practice. Although some objects are of recent manufacture, their forms, functions, and symbolic meanings maintain continuity with centuries-old ritual traditions. The study demonstrates that material culture functions as a living medium, mediating faith, cultural identity, and communal memory. By foregrounding the role of sacred objects, this research provides a nuanced understanding of Tawang Monastery as a dynamic institution where ritual, art, and everyday life intersect. It underscores the significance of material culture in sustaining Tibetan Buddhist practices and preserving cultural continuity in Northeast India.
| 27 |
Author(s):
Lalrinnungi.
Page No : 1-6
|
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT CHALLENGES AMONG GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES AND PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES IN AIZAWL DISTRICT, MIZORAM: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Abstract
Investment behaviour plays an important role in ensuring financial stability among salaried employees in Aizawl District, Mizoram. Differences in job security, income patterns, and financial awareness influence investment decisions between government and private sector employees. This study compares their investment behaviour, challenges, and financial literacy levels.
Primary data were collected from 124 respondents through a structured questionnaire using convenience sampling. Percentage analysis and chi-square tests were used for data analysis. The findings show that 34.7% of respondents belong to the 25–35 age group, and 43.09% fall within the ₹40,001–60,000 income group. Safety of money is the main investment objective, with most respondents preferring bank fixed deposits, followed by insurance and pension schemes. Lack of expert guidance and limited financial knowledge are major challenges. The study emphasizes the need for improved financial literacy programmes and better advisory support to encourage informed and diversified investment decisions.
| 28 |
Author(s):
Puramwar Sushant .
Page No : 1-6
|
IOT based smart agricultural system
Abstract
Abstract—Agricultural water management faces critical chal-
lenges as freshwater scarcity intensifies globally while crop pro-
duction demands increase. Traditional irrigation practices based
on fixed schedules or manual assessment result in substantial
water wastage, contributing to resource depletion and increased
operational costs. This paper presents an IoT-enabled smart
irrigation system that automates water delivery through real-
time soil moisture monitoring and threshold-based control. The
system employs a resistive soil moisture sensor interfaced with
an ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller to continuously monitor
substrate hydration levels, automatically activating irrigation
when moisture falls below predetermined thresholds and ter-
minating delivery upon reaching optimal saturation. Integration
with the Blynk cloud platform enables remote monitoring via
mobile dashboard, displaying real-time moisture percentages,
pump operational status, and historical trends. An electromag-
netic relay provides electrical isolation between control logic
and high-power pump circuits, while a 16×2 LCD display offers
local visual feedback. Field evaluation demonstrates 57% water
consumption reduction compared to schedule-based irrigation
while maintaining equivalent crop health. This cost-effective
solution (total component cost under $75) addresses the urgent
need for precision agriculture technologies accessible to small-
scale farmers and domestic gardeners, contributing to sustainable
water resource management.
Index Terms—Smart Irrigation, IoT, Soil Moisture Sensor,
ESP8266, NodeMCU, Blynk Platform, Precision Agriculture, Wa-
ter Conservation, Automated Irrigation, Dual-Threshold Control,
Hysteresis Control
I.
| 29 |
Author(s):
PRAVEEN M.
Page No : 1-6
|
Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Prebiotic Oligosaccharides from Pomegranate Peel and Their Role in Poultry Gut Health
Abstract
The poultry industry has traditionally relied on antibiotic growth promoters to improve feed efficiency and productivity, but concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance and food safety have encouraged the use of natural alternatives. Gut health plays a crucial role in poultry performance, with intestinal microbiota influencing digestion, immunity, and disease resistance. Prebiotics have emerged as effective non-antibiotic feed additives due to their ability to selectively stimulate beneficial gut microorganisms. Fruit processing by-products are gaining attention as sustainable sources of prebiotic oligosaccharides, particularly pomegranate peel, which is rich in pectin and dietary fiber. Enzyme-assisted extraction offers an efficient and eco-friendly approach for converting these polysaccharides into bioactive oligosaccharides. These compounds enhance gut microbial balance and short-chain fatty acid production, thereby supporting intestinal health and promoting antibiotic-free poultry production systems.
| 30 |
Author(s):
Nithin Jacob Thampan, Dr. Sakthivel R.
Page No : 1-7
|
A Study on Tax Compliance Trends among Indian Corporates
Abstract
Tax compliance remains one of the most critical determinants of a country’s fiscal health. In India, corporate tax compliance forms the backbone of government revenue and economic transparency. This study examines the evolving trends in tax compliance among Indian corporates using secondary data from official reports, industry analyses, and government publications. The research explores the historical background, regulatory reforms, determinants influencing compliance behavior, and the impact of digitalization on corporate taxation. Findings reveal a steady improvement in compliance rates, largely driven by policy reforms such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), the introduction of faceless assessment, and technological integration by the Income Tax Department. However, disparities persist between large corporations and SMEs, revealing structural and behavioral gaps in compliance. The paper concludes with policy recommendations and future research directions.
| 31 |
Author(s):
Aromah Jeso J.
Page No : 1-7
|
Harnessing the termite gut microbiome for the bioconversion of coconut husk into green biosurfactants: a review with experimental insights
Abstract
This research aims to find sustainable and biodegradable alternatives to synthetic surfactants in the wake of increasing environmental concerns. It focuses on microbial surfactants for their low toxicity, biodegradability, and ability to withstand harsh conditions, but points out the current economic limitations for their production due to the cost of substrates and inefficient bioprocessing. Coconut husk, a low-cost agricultural waste lignocellulosic substrate, is suggested, but its high lignin composition makes it difficult to degrade by microbes. Termites, with their gut microbiota that functions as an anaerobic bioreactor with high concentrations of lignocellulose-degrading microbes, are investigated. The objective is to isolate and identify termite gut lignocellulose degraders and determine their potential for the bioconversion of coconut husk into a green biosurfactant. The research will determine enzymatic activity, substrate consumption, and biosurfactant production using established qualitative and quantitative approaches. This termite-mediated bioconversion process may help push the frontiers of green waste biorefinery and biosurfactant manufacturing in the context of green biotechnology and circular economy strategies.
Key Words: Termite gut microbiome, Coconut husk, Lignocellulose bioconversion, Biosurfactants, Green biotechnology, Microbial consortia.
1.INTRODUCTION
1.1 Environmental Concerns and the Need for Sustainable Biosurfactants
Surfactants are critical components in a wide range of industrial applications, such as detergents, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food processing, petroleum extraction, agriculture, and environmental clean-up. The ability of surfactants to reduce surface and interfacial tension is fundamental to emulsification, dispersion, wetting, and solubilization. Currently, the surfactant market is mainly saturated with chemically synthesized surfactants that are mainly produced from petrochemical raw materials. Although these synthetic surfactants are cost-effective and highly efficient, their large-scale application has raised serious concerns about their environmental and health impacts. Most traditional surfactants have been found to be only partially biodegradable, resistant to degradation in aquatic and terrestrial environments, and acutely and chronically toxic to non-target organisms. The persistence of surfactant residues in aquatic
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Author(s):
Abinaya M.
Page No : 1-7
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HAIR SERUM FOR SCALP INFECTION AND HAIRFALL REDUCTION USING BHRINGRAJ AND LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS
Abstract
Scalp infections and hair fall are common dermatological problems often associated with microbial imbalance, inflammation, and weakened hair follicles. Herbal and probiotic-based formulations are gaining attention as safer and effective alternatives to synthetic treatments. The present study focuses on the development and evaluation of a novel hair ‘serum formulated using Bhringraj (Eclipta alba) extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus, aimed at controlling scalp infections and reducing hair fall. Bhringraj is traditionally known for its hair growth–promoting, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, primarily attributed to bioactive compounds such as wedelolactone and flavonoids. Lactobacillus acidophilus, a beneficial probiotic, contributes to scalp health by inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, restoring microbial balance, and reducing inflammation through bioactive metabolites or lysates. The formulated serum is designed to act synergistically by improving scalp microbiome stability, preventing fungal and bacterial infections, strengthening hair follicles, and promoting healthy hair growth. Physicochemical characteristics, antimicrobial efficacy, and in-vitro hair-related bioassays are considered to evaluate the formulation’s effectiveness. This study highlights the potential of combining herbal extracts with probiotics in cosmetic and cosmeceutical applications, offering a natural, safe, and innovative approach for managing scalp infections and hair fall.
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Author(s):
Dr G.Subashini.
Page No : 1-7
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The impact of Green HRM practices on employee’s behavior in Higher educational Institutions
Abstract
Abstract: This study identifies how Green Human Resource Management (HRM) practices have influenced employee behavior within the higher educational institutions. Green HRM can be summed as HR practices and policies that facilitate environmental sustainability in an organization. The research focuses on determining the impacts of these practices on employee job satisfaction, motivation, commitment to the organisation and behaviour of citizenship. The study involved combined methods of data collection such as; survey and interviews aiming at collecting both quantitative and qualitative data among faculty and administrative members of different institutions. The result indicates that Green HRM practices were very effective and they greatly improve the effort of employee engagement and establish a culture of sustainability. Nevertheless, issues like resistance towards change especially by long-tenured employees as well as issues concerning the viability of green programs were also discovered. The study highlights the need to incorporate customized Green HRM interventions and institutional facilitation to employ the optimum effect to influence the behavior of employees. The findings help to employ sustainable HR practice in the academia and recommend useful tips for institutions of higher learning.
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Author(s):
millo hakhe.
Page No : 1-9
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Rituals, Objects, and Monastic Life: The Living Archaeology of Tawang Monastery
Abstract
Arunachal Pradesh remains archaeologically underexplored due to rugged terrain, heavy rainfall, and limited accessibility, yet surveys since the 1970s have revealed prehistoric tools, Neolithic sites, and Buddhist monastic structures. This study examines Tawang Monastery as a living institution of the Monpa community, using an object-centred ethnographic approach grounded in archaeological ethnography and material agency theory. Through non-intrusive observation, documentation, photography, and interviews, ritual and utilitarian objects in monasteries, households, and museums were analysed as active mediators of social relations and cultural continuity. Comparative observations from Urgelling and Sangelling monasteries contextualize the regional monastic network, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary preservation and future research.
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Author(s):
Jayaranjini R.
Page No : 1-10
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ECO-FRIENDLY CULTURE MEDIA DEVELOPMENT USING COCONUT SPROUT POWDER
Abstract
Eco-friendly culture media have gained significant attention as sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic media used in microbiology and biotechnology. The increasing cost of commercial media, environmental concerns, and the need for locally available resources have driven research toward plant-based substrates. Coconut sprout, a natural structure formed during coconut germination, is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and growth-promoting compounds. When processed into powder form, coconut sprout becomes a stable, easily handled raw material suitable for culture media formulation. This review summarises available literature related to coconut-derived media and highlights the potential of coconut sprout powder as an eco-friendly culture medium component. The article discusses the biological nature of the coconut sprout, its nutritional and biochemical composition, powder preparation techniques, and media formulation approaches. Applications in microbial culture and plant tissue culture are reviewed, emphasising sustainability, biodegradability, and cost-effectiveness. Challenges such as nutrient variability, standardisation, and storage stability are also addressed. Overall, coconut sprout powder represents a promising natural resource for developing low-cost and environmentally friendly culture media, particularly in resource-limited laboratories.
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Author(s):
HIMA BINDU SAMMETA.
Page No : 1-10
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SECURE DUAL-MODE PERSONAL ALERT DEVICE WITH GSM, GPS TRACKING
Abstract
Emergency response delays endanger everyone—elderly falls, traveler assaults, worker accidents. NCRB 2024 reports 445,000 vulnerability incidents requiring instant location sharing. Smartphone apps fail without internet (40% rural coverage) or when users cannot manually activate. Our prototype eliminates these gaps with complete autonomy: panic button delivers 10ms response, automatic sensors trigger independently, and GSM ensures 99.7% Pan-India delivery regardless of data connectivity. Women's safety continues to be a pressing concern in India, 445,000 crimes against women recorded in 2024 (NCRB). This research presents the development, testing, and validation of a cost-optimized wearable safety prototype integrating manual panic activation and automatic dual-sensor detection (accelerometer + acoustic) for emergency alerting. The system architecture employs Arduino Uno as the central controller interfaced with SIM900A GSM module (95% SMS delivery reliability), NEO-6M GPS receiver (±2.5m positioning accuracy), and ADXL345 3-axis accelerometer (96.7% fall detection accuracy over 30 trials). The end-to-end response measures 3.2 ± 0.5 seconds from trigger detection to SMS transmission containing Google Maps hyperlinks. Prototype specifications: Total cost ₹3,150 (75% cost reduction vs. ₹12,000 commercial alternatives), 5V/2A power, breadboard implementation. Extensive validation include 100 SMS transmission cycles, 72-hour stability testing, and GPS accuracy assessment across 20 locations. Key differentiators include complete 2G network independence (no internet/WiFi dependency), dual-threat detection reducing false positives to 1.8%, and rural deployment suitability leveraging India's ubiquitous GSM infrastructure. Limitations encompass GSM signal dependency and indoor GPS performance; future enhancements target 4G migration and LiPo battery miniaturization. This work demonstrates technical feasibility and commercial viability for mass deployment addressing India's 350 million women demographic.
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Author(s):
Dr P. Suneel.
Page No : 1-11
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Indexing in Information Retrieval: Concept, Evolution, Process, and the Balance Between Recall and Precision
Abstract
Indexing is the core process that enables effective Information Retrieval (IR) by transforming raw documents into structured, searchable representations. The quality of an IR system is largely determined by how well indexing captures the conceptual content of documents and supports efficient access to relevant information. This work presents an overview of indexing as both a theoretical concept and a practical mechanism, examining its definition, objectives, historical evolution, and role in modern information systems. It traces the progression from early manual cataloguing practices and hierarchical classification systems, such as the Dewey Decimal Classification, to computerized indexing milestones including MARC and early online retrieval systems. The shift toward total document indexing in the 1990s, driven by reduced computing costs and the availability of full-text digital documents, marked a significant transformation in retrieval practices. The study highlights the changing role of human indexers, emphasizing concept abstraction and value judgment, while automated systems handle large-scale, exhaustive indexing. Different types of index coverage document files, public index files, and private index files are discussed to illustrate how modern systems balance comprehensive coverage with selective relevance. Finally, the fundamental trade-off between recall and precision is examined, showing how contemporary IR systems integrate automatic and manual indexing approaches to achieve both broad retrieval and high relevance.
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Author(s):
Ardra Sreekumar.
Page No : 1-12
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Investment Behaviour and Financial Independence among Women Professionals in Ernakulam, Kerala
Abstract
Financial inclusion is a critical component of sustainable economic development, ensuring
access to affordable financial services for all sections of society. In India, digital payment
platforms such as Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and Aadhaar Enabled Payment System
(AEPS) have emerged as transformative tools in expanding financial access. This study
examines the role of UPI and AEPS in promoting financial inclusion by enhancing
accessibility, reducing transaction costs, and improving transparency in financial transactions.
The research is based on secondary data obtained from the National Payments Corporation of
India (NPCI), the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), and the World Bank Global Findex Database.
The findings reveal that UPI has significantly increased digital transactions in urban and
semi-urban areas, while AEPS has strengthened last-mile banking services in rural regions.
Despite challenges such as digital illiteracy and cybersecurity risks, digital payment systems
have substantially contributed to inclusive financial growth in India
