Author(s) :

1Gauri B. Sonawane, 2Amit M. Solanki.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

In Brazil, most electricity generation is hydroelectric. Because of the size of the country, a long transmission system is required to carry this energy to consumer centers. Power rationing that occurred in 2001 showed the fragility of the generation system in Brazil, strengthening the discussions on alternative energy sources [2]. These factors show the importance of diversifying energy sources through Distributed Generation (DG). A significant change is foreseen for the current structure of highly centralized, large capacity power plants. A new structure, with the highly decentralized insertion of small- and medium-capacity power units, is expected [3]. Regarding the use of renewable energy, Brazil is one of the most advanced countries in South America [4]. Data from the National Energy Balance 2011 show that the primary energy on the Brazilian matrix is composed by 45.5% renewable energy (hydraulic, firewood, charcoal, sugarcane and other renewable sources, such as agricultural residues) [5]. Figure 1 shows the distribution of the sources of primary power generation in Brazil. It should be highlighted that the percentage of useful energy consumed in Brazil obtained from renewable sources should be even greater because much of Brazilian renewable energy is hydroelectric. Moreover, power conversion efficiency, from electrical energy to final end use, is usually higher compared to other energy sources. Thus, the percentage of useful energy from renewable sources tends to be higher than the 45.5% mentioned.

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