Article’s

In the contemporary global economy, the transition from purely profit-driven motives to sustainable business practices has become a strategic necessity. This article explores the evolution of sustainability from a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) obligation to a core business strategy. It examines how environmental, social, and governance (ESG) frameworks are reshaping operational models across various sectors. The focus remains on the integration of circular economy principles, green supply chain management, and sustainable financial reporting. While traditional models prioritized short-term shareholder returns, the modern era demands a “Triple Bottom Line” approach—balancing People, Planet, and Profit. This study concludes that businesses adopting sustainable practices not only mitigate environmental risks but also achieve superior long-term financial performance and brand resilience.